How do fakers make new items look old?

Common techniques include artificial distressing with chains, tools, or abrasives, staining to imitate age, adding fake wormholes, applying acids or chemicals to create rust or patina, and using old wood to build new furniture. Glass and ceramics may be scuffed on the bottom, and paper may be stained or toned to mimic age.

These tricks often leave clues. Artificial wear may be too even or appear in illogical places. Rust may be only on the surface, and patina may rub off. Fake wormholes are sometimes straight rather than winding, and stains may be uneven or smell of chemicals.

Learning how real age develops is the best defense. Handle as many genuine antiques as you can at shows, museums, and previews, and ask experienced dealers to show you what to look for. Over time, the differences become easier to recognize.