How can I identify the maker of an old doll by its marks?

Start at the back of the head or neck. Many bisque and composition dolls have marks impressed there, including a maker's name or initials, a mold number, a size number and sometimes a country of origin like Germany or France. Look under the wig if needed, being careful not to damage it. Some dolls are also marked on the shoulders, back or the bottom of the feet.

Doll reference books and collector databases list makers' marks and mold numbers, so you can match yours. Material is another clue: bisque is unglazed porcelain with a matte look, composition is a pressed mixture that can crack or craze, and hard plastic and vinyl came later. The body, eyes and joints also help date a doll.

Some dolls have no marks, which makes identification harder but not impossible. A doll club, doll appraiser or auction company that handles dolls can often identify an unmarked doll from its features and construction. Don't clean or repair a doll until you know what you have.