Do galleries charge artists or consignors fees upfront?

Reputable commercial galleries generally earn their income from commissions on sales rather than upfront fees. That said, some agreements ask artists or consignors to share costs such as framing, shipping, or promotional materials, so read the terms carefully.

Be cautious with vanity galleries, which charge artists to exhibit their work regardless of whether anything sells. Some artists choose these arrangements knowingly, but the gallery's main income comes from the artist rather than from collectors, which can mean less motivation to actually sell the work.

Cooperative galleries are another model. Member artists may pay dues and share duties like staffing in exchange for exhibition space, and that can be a legitimate path for some artists. Whatever the arrangement, get it in writing, ask what the fees cover, and talk to other artists who have worked with the gallery before you commit.